Oral cancer

Oral cancer refers to cancer that develops in any part of the mouth, including the lips, tongue, gums, roof and floor of the mouth, and the inner lining of the cheeks. Oral cancer can also affect the throat, tonsils, and salivary glands.

The most common symptoms of oral cancer include:

  • A sore, lump, or ulcer in the mouth that does not heal

  • Red or white patches in the mouth

  • Difficulty swallowing or chewing

  • Persistent pain or numbness in the mouth or face

  • Swelling or thickening of the cheek

  • Changes in the way teeth fit together

  • Persistent sore throat or hoarseness

Risk factors for oral cancer include smoking or using tobacco products, excessive alcohol consumption, a history of oral cancer, a weakened immune system, and exposure to the human papillomavirus (HPV).

Treatment for oral cancer typically involves a combination of surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy, depending on the size and location of the tumour and the extent of the cancer. The goal of treatment is to remove the cancerous tissue and prevent the cancer from spreading to other parts of the body.

Regular dental checkups and oral cancer screenings can help detect oral cancer early, when it is most treatable. It's important to see a dentist or oral health professional if you notice any symptoms of oral cancer or have any concerns about your oral health.

Leila Haywood