Dental fluorosis is a condition that affects the teeth due to excessive intake of fluoride during tooth development. Fluoride is a naturally occurring mineral that is commonly found in water, certain foods, and dental products like toothpaste and mouthwash. While fluoride is beneficial in preventing tooth decay, excessive consumption can lead to dental fluorosis.

During tooth development, fluoride becomes incorporated into the enamel, the outer protective layer of the teeth. In cases of dental fluorosis, excessive fluoride intake can disrupt the normal enamel formation process, resulting in a range of cosmetic changes in the appearance of the teeth. The severity of dental fluorosis can vary, ranging from mild discolouration or white streaks on the enamel to more severe cases where the enamel surface becomes rough, pitted, or stained brown.

Dental fluorosis usually occurs in children under the age of eight, as this is the period when teeth are developing. The condition is typically caused by overexposure to fluoride during this critical stage of tooth formation. Common sources of excessive fluoride intake include drinking water with high fluoride levels, ingestion of fluoride supplements, or using excessive amounts of fluoridated toothpaste during early childhood.

It's important to note that dental fluorosis is a cosmetic issue and does not typically cause any functional problems or pain. However, in severe cases where the enamel is significantly affected, it can make the teeth more susceptible to dental decay or tooth sensitivity.

Prevention of dental fluorosis primarily involves monitoring and controlling fluoride intake, especially during early childhood. Here are some preventive measures:

1. Water supply: If you live in an area with naturally high fluoride levels in the water, consider using alternative sources of drinking water, such as bottled water or water filtration systems that remove fluoride.

2. Fluoride supplements: Consult with a dentist or healthcare provider before giving fluoride supplements to children. They will be able to determine the appropriate dosage based on the child's age, fluoride levels in the water, and other factors.

3. Toothpaste usage: Use a small smear or pea-sized amount of fluoridated toothpaste for young children (under 3 years old) and ensure they spit out the excess toothpaste after brushing.

4. Supervision: Monitor young children during brushing to prevent them from swallowing toothpaste.

If you or your child already have dental fluorosis, treatment options may include cosmetic procedures to improve the appearance of the affected teeth. These can include enamel microabrasion, dental bonding, or placement of veneers, depending on the severity of the condition and individual circumstances. This is usually done after a child is 18 years of age, to allow the gum heights, growth and alignment of the teeth to be stable prior to any restorative care. Minor improvements are able to be done around the age of 16. Microabrasion can be performed in teenagers in order to improve the enamel appearance. It is best to consult with a dentist who can evaluate the specific situation and recommend the most appropriate treatment options.

Call Brisbane Smile Boutique on 07 3391 2504 for assessment of dental fluorosis, and for excellence in preventive dentistry.