An oral pathologist is a specialized dentist with advanced training and expertise in diagnosing and managing diseases, disorders, and conditions that affect the oral and maxillofacial (mouth and facial) region. These professionals play a critical role in the field of oral medicine and oral pathology. Here are some key aspects of what an oral pathologist does:

1. Diagnosis: Oral pathologists are highly skilled in diagnosing a wide range of oral and maxillofacial diseases and conditions, including oral cancer, infectious diseases, autoimmune disorders, and various oral lesions or abnormalities. They use clinical examinations, medical histories, and advanced diagnostic techniques such as biopsies, imaging (like X-rays and CT scans), and laboratory tests to arrive at accurate diagnoses.

2. Research: Many oral pathologists engage in research to better understand the causes, mechanisms, and treatments of oral diseases. Their research contributes to advancements in the field of oral medicine and helps improve patient care.

3. Treatment Planning: Once a diagnosis is made, oral pathologists collaborate with other healthcare professionals, including oral surgeons, oncologists, and general dentists, to develop comprehensive treatment plans tailored to each patient's needs. They may recommend medical or surgical interventions, therapies, or medications.

4. Oral Cancer Screening: Oral pathologists play a crucial role in the early detection of oral cancer. Regular oral cancer screenings, often performed by dentists or oral healthcare providers, may include assessments by oral pathologists when concerning symptoms or abnormalities are present.

5. Education: Oral pathologists may be involved in educating dental students, residents, and other healthcare professionals. They impart their knowledge and expertise in oral pathology to train the next generation of dentists and specialists.

6. Biopsy Interpretation: Oral pathologists frequently examine tissue samples obtained through biopsies to determine the nature of lesions, tumors, or other abnormalities. They provide detailed pathology reports to aid in clinical decision-making.

7. Patient Care: While they primarily focus on diagnosing and managing diseases, oral pathologists may also provide direct patient care, especially in cases requiring specialized treatment.

Oral pathologists are typically found in academic institutions, hospitals, private practice, and research settings. Patients who experience unusual or persistent oral symptoms, such as chronic mouth sores, unexplained pain, or suspicious growths, may be referred to an oral pathologist for evaluation and diagnosis. Their expertise is crucial in ensuring that oral health issues are correctly identified and treated, often contributing to improved outcomes for patients.